Definition

1. Verb (transitive):
   • To stop the flow or operation of something, typically by closing a valve, switch, or other control mechanism.
   • To isolate or separate someone or something from others or from a larger system.

Usage

• The primary use is to describe stopping a utility, machine, or supply by operating a control.
  • Always shut off the water before repairing the sink.
  • Please shut off the engine while we wait.
• It can also describe creating a state of isolation or separation, often implying a barrier.
  • The accident shut off the main highway for hours.
  • His illness shut him off from social contact for months.

Examples

• Stopping flow/operation:
  • Don't forget to shut off the lights when you leave.
  • The technician shut off the power to the building.
• Creating isolation/separation:
  • The mountain range shuts off the valley from the coastal winds.
  • She felt shut off from her family after the argument.

Advanced Usage

• "to be shut off from": This phrase emphasizes a state of complete isolation, often emotional or social.
  • Living in a remote village, they were completely shut off from modern news.
• The past participle "shut off" can function as an adjective describing something that is closed or isolated.
  • Make sure the valve is in the shut-off position. (Note: Here, "shut-off" is a compound adjective derived from the phrasal verb).

Variants and Related Words

• Shutoff (noun): A device or act of stopping flow.
  • The automatic shutoff prevents flooding.
• Cut off: A very close synonym, often interchangeable, especially for utilities or isolation.
• Turn off: A more common synonym for stopping the operation of machines, lights, or electronics. "Shut off" is often preferred for utilities like water or gas.

Synonyms

• Deactivate: To make something inactive.
• Disconnect: To break a connection.
• Block off: To obstruct a passage.
• Seal off: To close tightly, preventing entry or exit.

Related Phrasal Verbs

• Shut down: To stop a machine, engine, or operation completely, often implying a more formal or permanent cessation than "shut off." (e.g., ).
• Shut out: To prevent from entering or being included. (e.g., ).
• Shut up: To close securely or to stop talking (informal).

Verb

1. block off the passage through
   • We shut off the valve
2. isolate or separate
   • She was shut off from the friends
3. stem the flow of
   • shut off the gas when you leave for a vacation